CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM

Cardio-means Heart and vascular-means veins were blood

passes.this is the movement of bllod from the Heart to all the

parts of the body.The heart musles play an important role to

open and close blood flow wtithout stopping from birth to de-

ath.The heart never gets tired of pumping blood as long as

its maintained in a good health.

From digetion system,the body will hand over to cardio-

cerebralvascular systemfor the transportation of nutrients and

oxygen to all parts of the body.we need;

(1)red blood cells to transport oxygen

(2)white blood cels to transport nutrients

Now in the blood if there is too much cholestrol it will cause

(1)blood clots-thrombosis

(2)arteiosclerosis-veins/arteries valve becoms hard to open

and close the blood flow.

(3)the brain becomes affected-can cause stroke or brain

damage

(4)hypertension

(5)heart problemsCirculatory system conditions

Below, we’ll explore some of the most common conditions

that can affect the health of your circulatory system.

Atherosclerosis

Atherosclerosis is when plaque builds up along the walls of

your arteries. Risk factors that can contribute to plaque

buildup include:

-high blood pressure

-high cholesterol

-tobacco use

-diabetes

-an unhealthy diet

-low levels of physical activity

-being overweight or obese

Atherosclerosis can gradually make the arteries narrower,

affecting the amount of blood that can flow through them.

Because of this, organs and tissues may not get enough

oxygen.

When atherosclerosis affects the arteries of your heart, it’s

called coronary artery disease. Other arteries in your body

can also be affected as well. This is called peripheral artery

disease, which affects how well blood can flow to your legs,

feet, arms, and hands.

In some cases, an artery may become completely blocked by

plaque or a blood clot. When this happens, a heart attack or

stroke can occur.

High blood pressure

Your blood pressure is the force that your blood exerts on the

walls of your arteries as your heart pumps. High blood

pressure can eventually damage your heart and blood

vessels, as well as other organs like your brain, kidneys,

and eyes.

Angina

Angina is chest pain that occurs when your heart isn’t

getting enough oxygen. It’s often caused by coronary artery

disease, which makes the arteries supplying the heart

narrower due to plaque buildup.

Arrhythmia

An arrhythmia is an abnormal heart rhythm. When you have

an arrhythmia, your heart may be beating too fast

(tachycardia), too slowly (bradycardia), or irregularly. It

happens due to changes in the heart or its electrical signals.

Varicose veins

Your veins contain valves that help keep oxygen-depleted

blood flowing toward your heart. When these valves fail,

blood collects in the veins, which can cause them to bulge

and become swollen or painful.

Varicose veins most often appear on the lower legs.

Blood clots

A blood clot is when blood coagulates or clumps together to

form a gel-like mass. This clot can get stuck in a blood

vessel where it blocks the flow of blood. Blood clots can

cause:

heart

attack

-stroke

-deep vein thrombosis (DVT)

-lpumnary embolism

-Heart attack

A heart attack happens when the flow of blood to part of the

heart is blockoed or when the oxygen demand of the heart

exceeds the oxygen supply. When this happens, that area

of the heart can’t get enough oxygen and begins to die or

lose function.

Strokeis when a blood vessel that supplies the brain with

oxygen and nutrients is blocked. When this happens, cells in

your brain begin to die off. Because these cells can’t be

replaced, damage to the brain can be permanent unless

blood flow is quickly restored.

Additional conditions

Below are some examples of other conditions that can affect

your circulatory system.

Heart failure. Heart failure is when your heart isn’t pumping

blood as efficiently as it should, meaning your organs and

tissues may not be getting enough oxygen or the pressure

in the heart may be too high. There are two types of heart

failure: systolic or diastolic. Systolic heart failure is when the

heart isn’t pumping blood efficiently. Diastolic heart failure

occurs when the heart pumps normally but doesn’t relax

normally due to increased stiffness.Heart valve probHeart

valve problems, such as leaky or blocked (stenotic) valves,

can cause your heart to be less efficient at pumping blood.

Heart inflammation. This can include inflammation of the

inner lining of the heart (endocarditis), the outer sac of the

heart (pericarditis), or the heart muscle itself (myocarditis).Aneurysm. An aneurysm is when the wall of an artery

becomes weakened and begins to bulge. This can occur in

the big arteries (aortic aneurysm) or the small arteries

(coronary aneurysm). If an aneurysm in a large artery

ruptures, it can be life-threatening.Congenital heart disease.

This is when you’re born with an abnormality in your heart

or blood vessels, usually related to the formation of the

heart muscle.Vasculitis. This is inflammation of the walls of

your blood vessels and can lead to complications like

aneurysms.When to seek medical careCirculatory system

issues are best treated as early as possible. In some

cases, you may not eThat’s why it’s important to see your

doctor for regular checkups. Your doctor can help monitor

your cardiovascular hven know that there’s an issue with

your heart or blood vessels.health, as well as your blood

pressure and cholesterol levels.

Additionlems. Heart valves help control the flow of blood in

your heart.Heart failure. Heart failure is when your heart isn’t pumping

blood as efficiently as it should, meaning your organs and

tissues may not be getting enough oxygen or the pressure in

the heart may be too high. There are two types of heart

failure: systolic or diastolic. Systolic heart failure is when the

heart isn’t pumping blood efficiently. Diastolic heart failure

occurs when the heart pumps normally but doesn’t relax

normally due to increased stiffness.

Heart valve problems. Heart valves help control the flow of

blood in your heart. Heart valve problems, such as leaky or

blocked (stenotic) valves, can cause your heart to be less

efficient at pumping blood.

Heart inflammation. This can include inflammation of the

inner lining of the heart (endocarditis), the outer sac of the

heart (pericarditis), or the heart muscle itself (myocarditis).

Aneurysm. An aneurysm is when the wall of an artery

becomes weakened and begins to bulge. This can occur in

the big arteries (aortic aneurysm) or the small arteries

(coronary aneurysm). If an aneurysm in a large artery

ruptures, it can be life-threatening.

Congenital heart disease. This is when you’re born with an

abnormality in your heart or blood vessels, usually related

to the formation of the heart muscle.

Vasculitis. This is inflammation of the walls of your blood

vessels and can lead to complications like aneurysms.